Correlations of P53, SLC7A11, CD3+ T cells, and CD8+ T cells with pathological features and prognosis in endometrial carcinoma: Insights from an Asian cohort

Background: This study investigates the clinical significance of Solute Carrier Family 7 Member 11 (SLC7A11), Tumor Protein p53 (p53), c D3+ T cells, and CD8+ T cells in endometrial carcinoma (EC). By evaluating their expression patterns and correlations with histopathological parameters and patient outcomes, we aim to develop a prognostic risk model integrating these biomarkers. Methods: We enrolled 134 EC patients (observation group) diagnosed between February 2023 and January 2024 and 128 concurrent healthy controls, and were confirmed to have no endometrial abnormalities by gynecological examination and ultrasound. Quantitative and qualitative assessments were conducted to measure SLC7A11, p53, and CD3+/CD8+ T cell levels. Diagnostic performance of individual and combined markers was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, while a logistic regression-based predictive model was developed. Associations of these biomarkers with EC histopathological features and 1-year survival outcomes were further evaluated. Results: Compared to controls, EC patients exhibited notable reductions in CD3+/CD8+ T-cell infiltration but elevations in SLC7A11 and p53 expression (P<0.05). According to qualitative analysis, CD3 and CD8 positivity were similarly lower in tumor tissues than in adjacent normal tissue, whereas SLC7A11 and p53 staining were more frequent in malignant lesions (P <0.05). For EC diagnosis, the combined AUC of p53, SLC7A11, CD3+ T cells, and CD8+ T cells reached 0.883 (72.4% sensitivity, 88.3% specificity). Their combination also effectively predicted 1-year mortality risk (AUC = 0.889), with 82.4% sensitivity and 81.0% specificity. Conclusions: p53, SLC7A11, CD3+ T cells, and CD8+ T cells show intimate connections with EC. A diagnostic model incorporating these biomarkers enhances the accuracy of EC detection, offering improved clinical utility.