Modeling, control and stabilization of virtual synchronous generator in future power electronics-dominated power systems: A survey of challenges, advances, and future trends

The power system is experiencing a huge transformation from conventional synchronous generation mode to the inverter-interfaced generation mode. Unfortunately, this transformation makes the modern power systems more likely uncertain, fluctuated, and oscillated, which is originated from the underlying reason of uncertainty of renewable energy generation units and inertia-less property as well as weak-damping of power electronics equipment. To those issues, virtual synchronous generator (VSG), which well emulates the external dynamic characteristics of synchronous generator (SG), is ever-increasing replacing SG to be dominated in modern power systems. Nevertheless, the prerequisite of good support of inertia and damping as well as stiffness by VSG is that VSG can maintain stable operation with power grid. Therefore, the potential physical mechanism of instability hidden in VSG-dominated power system (VDPS) is urgent to be explored. Stimulated by those requirements, this research proposes comprehensive and extensive reviews for the modeling, control, and stabilization of VSG in future power electronics-dominated power systems with challenges, advances, and future trends. Particularly, a comprehensive classification on the topics of modeling approaches, control methods, and stabilization of VSG system are extensively discussed. Finally, the future trends, discussions, and conclusions are drawn to provide a comprehensively physical insight for the framework of future VDPS.