Barriers to Blockchain Technology Implementation in Small and Medium-Sized Logistics Enterprises

Blockchain has the potential to enhance supply chain efficiency, increase transparency, and reduce operational costs. However, small and medium-sized logistics enterprises (SMEs) face significant challenges in adopting this technology. This study aims to examine the key barriers to blockchain implementation in SMEs operating in Vietnam’s logistics sector. Using structural equation modeling (SEM), the study identifies six critical obstacles: high initial investment costs, small business scale, lack of stakeholder cooperation, technological resistance, insufficient government support, and a shortage of skilled human resources. These findings offer important contributions to the understanding of technological barriers, particularly within the context of SMEs in emerging economies. Based on the results, the study recommends that governments provide financial incentives and establish clear legal frameworks to facilitate blockchain adoption. For enterprise-level action, managers should focus on staff training programs to develop in-house blockchain capabilities and reduce resistance to technological change. In addition, forming collaborative partnerships with supply chain stakeholders can help SMEs share implementation costs and improve adoption success.