Prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori Infection Among Females in Hodeidah City, Yemen

Background: Helicobacter pylori infection is the most prevalent bacterial infection globally and affecting approximately 50%-75% of worlds of population. It is recognized as a significant high-risk factor for chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, gastric adenocarcinoma, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and functional dyspepsia. Aim of this study: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of helicobacter pylori infection among females in Hodeidah City, Yemen. Subjects and methods: Study design: A cross-sectional study design was used. Setting: This study conducted in Al-Mina districts in Hodiedah City, Yemen. Subjects: 202 females participated in this study from February 2024 to February 2025. Tools of data collection: Data was collected by three tools: Tool I: Demographic characteristics. Tool II: clinical signs and symptoms of the participants and Tool III: laboratory tests for H. pylori antigen and antibody were used to detect the H. pylori infection. Result: The study results indicate that the infection rate was 19% as H. pylori antigen and 29.8% H. pylori antibodies among females. The highest rate of infection by H. pylori-Ag was recorded in Al-Hali district (22.4%), whereas H. pylori-Ab was recorded in Al-Hawak district (35.8%). Conclusion: There was a significant association between the prevalence of H. pylori infection and the consumption of raw vegetables for H. pylori antigen. Also, there was a significant association between the prevalence of H. pylori infection and previously infected and clinical symptoms for H. pylori antibody. Recommendations: This study recommended that avoiding consuming of unwashed raw vegetables and fruits, wash hands frequently after defecation, and before meals to reduce spreading of H. pyloric infection among females. Regular treatment of H. pylori infection to avoid transmission of this type of infection particularly between females.