First record of Stemphylium vesicarium associated with Oat seeds in Iraq diagnosis phenotypic and molecular characterization

This study was conducted on three oat seed cultivars (Shifa, Kenzania, and Carlop)obtained from to detect the most significant fungi associated with the seeds. T from Ministry of Agriculture,Department ofAgricultural Research, Cereals and Legumes Department - Abu Ghraib) he study revealed that Stemphylium sp. was the most frequently observed fungus, with a 100% occurrence in the Kenzania cultivar. This fungus was identified morphologically based on the shape and color of the fungal colony and the appearance of the conidial spores, as well as molecularly at the species level using nucleotide sequences of the ITS1 and ITS4 regions within the 5.8S rRNA gene. The species was identified as Stemphylium vesicarium and was recorded for the first time in Iraq. And regirested inNCBI(National Center for Biotechnology Information) with accession No. PP907787.1 . The results also showed that the viability test of oat seeds from the cultivars used in the study indicated that the Shifa cultivar significantly outperformed the others, with a germination rate of 86.7% compared to the other to the other cultivars Carlop at 83.33% and Kenzania 80%.