ANALYSIS OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS IN ADOLESCENTS WITH CONSTITUTIONAL AND EXOGENOUS OBESITY DEPENDING ON DIET STRATEGIES

The problem of overweight and obesity in modern reality is one of the most widespread worldwide. There are a lot of studies devoted to this problem, but the question of risk factors for the development of this disease remains open, while the disease itself has a significant number of factors contributing to the development of cardiovascular pathology. Adolescence is the transition to adulthood, and accordingly, existing chronic diseases will undoubtedly progress into adulthood. At the same time, the lifestyle that has been formed by this age, which includes eating habits, will accompany this person for the rest of their life and, along with other factors, will determine the development of complications of a number of cardiovascular diseases and their complications. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze the factors of cardiovascular risk in adolescents with obesity, depending on dietary patterns. The study used traditional obesity diagnosis based on anthropometry, laboratory and instrumental studies to assess cardio-metabolic risk, and questionnaires, including a food diary and a physical activity diary. The results showed that the identified dietary patterns are generally considered unhealthy, with varying degrees of different food choices and an overall imbalance of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. Patients with obesity, regardless of their existing dietary patterns, did not have significant differences in most of the clinical and metabolic risk factors. However, given the importance of nutrition as a key factor in obesity, there is a need for early analysis, starting from the perinatal period, and continued monitoring of this factor, which will be crucial in the overall management of obesity.