Development of a Cricothyrotomy Virtual Reality Training Module

Introduction Cricothyrotomy is a rare but critical emergency procedure, making simulation-based training essential. Traditional methods, such as cadavers and synthetic models, provide hands-on experience but are limited by time and instructor availability. Virtual reality (VR) offers an immersive, low-risk environment for repeated practice, which is particularly valuable for high-acuity, low-frequency procedures. This study developed and evaluated a VR cricothyrotomy simulation to assess its educational value, realism, and usability. Methods The VR cricothyrotomy simulation and headset were provided by 8Chili, Inc. (Milpitas, CA, USA). The module was developed with input from a multidisciplinary team of healthcare professionals. Fifteen emergency medicine attendings and residents completed the stepwise, interactive module and then completed a survey to assess usability, face validity, content validity, and educational value. Results Participants rated the VR cricothyrotomy simulation as educationally valuable and effective for introducing procedural steps. However, usability fell below the acceptable threshold, with participants noting difficulties with hand control, depth perception, and feedback for correcting errors. The simulation was perceived as accurately representing all steps of a cricothyrotomy and providing clear instructional guidance. While patient tools were considered realistic, participants reported that the depth perception and control of the virtual hands were not fully realistic. Conclusions The VR simulation was designed to help novice learners build foundational knowledge before transitioning to physical training. Expert feedback suggests that the simulation offers educational value but could be enhanced through improvements to the user interface and haptics. As a low-risk method that does not require faculty guidance, this simulation has practical significance for early procedural training in medical education, particularly for high-acuity, low-frequency procedures.