Valley Fever Awareness, Knowledge, and Perceptions: A Literacy Survey of Adolescents in Arizona

Recently, the United States has seen an increase in the incidence and severity of the fungal Valley fever infection (Coccidiomycosis). As improved treatment methods and a vaccine develop, it continues to be important for those living in areas where Valley fever is common to be aware and knowledgeable about Valley fever to detect infection earlier. The scope of research investigating the public’s awareness of valley fever in highly endemic areas has been limited. Including the public’s perspective in the present literature of Valley fever is important that may help identify potential knowledge gaps to inform future awareness campaigns. With the recent increase in rare, disseminated Valley fever among adolescents and young adults in Arizona, it becomes important to evaluate the outreach and effectiveness of public health messages and education that have been implemented over the years among this population. The present observational study utilized electronic surveying which produced qualitative and quantitative data to evaluate adolescents’ awareness, knowledge and perceptions of Valley fever. A sample of 210 adolescent high school students who attend school in Maricopa County were surveyed. The majority of participants indicated no knowledge of Valley fever, and uncertainties surrounding the disease were prevalent throughout participants' responses. Overall, this study found improving and increasing awareness messaging about Valley fever should be a priority for Arizona public health officials. Increased understandings of this disease among the public can promote their better health.