Battery Energy Storage System Architecture and DC System Electrical Fault Mechanism Analysis

In recent years, with the global transition in energy structures and the rapid development of renewable energy, the share of new energy within the overall energy system has been steadily increasing. Against the backdrop of current “carbon peak and carbon neutrality” goals, the application and demand for large-scale energy storage power stations in power systems are growing significantly. However, the frequent occurrence of safety incidents at battery energy storage stations has raised concerns about the industry's health and safe development. At present, there is still a lack of research on the mechanisms of electrical faults in energy storage stations. This paper begins by examining the structure of energy storage stations, providing a theoretical analysis of the grounding methods for the DC system in energy storage stations and the characteristics of various electrical quantities during polar faults. A simulation model is then developed using Simulink to validate the theoretical analysis.