Drone Swarm Waveform and Array Design for Range Profile-Based Electromagnetic Disguise

Utilizing the dual degrees-of-freedom in the positions of array elements and waveform of drone swarm, range profile (RP)-based electromagnetic disguise is investigated in this paper. Based on the captured transmit waveform (TW) of the hostile target and the desired range profile (DRP) of a user-defined high-valued target (HVT), the swarm transmits the designed waveform toward the hostile, causing its obtained RP (ORP) through matched filtering to be close to the DRP. In doing so, the hostile target is deceived by the disguised HVT via the drones electromagnetically. Maximizing the cosine similarity between the ORP and DRP is formulated as a fractional optimization problem. To address it, a successive factor is first introduced to transform the complex objective function into a polynomial form. While for solving the intricate issue of sum-of-exponent caused by drone coordinates appearing in the steering vector, we introduce the adaptive moment estimate into the block coordinate descent framework for iterative position updates. Furthermore, algorithm robustification for inaccurate TW is conducted. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed algorithms.