An IAD framework analysis of social forestry institutional transformation: A case of Forest Areas with Special Management (KHDPK) in Indonesia

Installing forest management through Forest Areas with Special Management (KHDPK) with the Social Forestry (SF) scheme causes an institutional transformation. Changes in SF schemes cause changes in rules, stakeholders involved, and output resulting from stakeholder interactions. The research intends to analyze the institutional transformation using Ostrom's Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) with focus on regulations, actors, and interactions in IAD. The interviewed respondents were 16 stakeholders involved in social forestry in KHDPK. As representatives of the local-level actors, key respondents were taken in the Ciamis Forest Management Unit (KPH), West Java. Novelty of this study is application of IAD in the new and complex context of KHDPK in Indonesia. The study results show that despite adequate regulations supporting it, SF institutions in KHDPK have not been running optimally. The situation of action, which includes institutional management, area, and business, has not been going well. Business management has not been running because there has not been any cooperation between farmer groups and business entities. The Social Forestry Acceleration Working Group ( Pokja PPS ) also has not worked optimally or well-coordinated. The SF facilitator became a critical actor but did not get adequate support from the Government. The Government must consider supervising the area's management because of the potential disturbance to the tree stands. Some recommendations that policy makers can implement include: 1) Providing SF assistants with sufficient numbers and qualifications 2) allocated village funding to SF activities such as capacity building, and train women in leadership roles within KUPS, 3) create a public dashboard to monitor fund distribution and SF permit approvals, and 4) pilot multi-stakeholder forums to resolve conflicts between communities and Perhutani regarding trees management.