Effect of laser radiation on barley seeds of Rodnik Prikamya variety

Laser irradiation represents a promising approach for pre-sowing seed treatment in agricultural plants. This energy-efficient and environmentally friendly technology can enhance germination rates, reduce seed contamination, and improve plant vigor. This article presents the results of a germination experiment on barley seeds irradiated with lasers at wavelengths of 637 nm (red spectrum) and 360 nm (ultraviolet), using exposure durations of 10, 20, and 30 seconds at a beam power density of 6 J/cm². Maximum total pigment concentrations in barley seedlings were observed following UV irradiation for 30 seconds and red light irradiation for 20 seconds. UV irradiation for 10 seconds and red light irradiation for 20 seconds showed a positive effect on the plant height of barley plants. Pre-sowing UV laser treatment of barley seeds resulted in increased plant mass by the 40th day. Plants grown from seeds irradiated with UV for 10 seconds exhibited significantly higher mass values in both the aerial part (26.8% increase compared to the control) and the root system (42.4% increase compared to the control). A statistically significant increase in nitrogen content was found in grains obtained from plants whose seeds were exposed to UV irradiation for 10 seconds, and in those exposed to red laser irradiation for 20 and 30 seconds. A statistically significant increase in phosphorus content was found in grains obtained from plants whose seeds were irradiated with a red laser for 20 seconds.