The roots of European Identity: Carolingian and Arthurian references in the postmedieval acquis mythologique

This article’s research subject is Europeanisation analysed through the lens of Carolingian and Arthurian references in the postmedieval acquis mythologique. Focusing on the integration process, the author examines the prominence of Carolingian mythology and the absence of Arthurian imagery in European identity formation. Analysing the use of Carolingian and Arthurian references in the early days of the EU and during its expansion, the study explores the dichotomy between these two symbolic cultures. The author verifies a hypothesis that political communication concerning the integration process and European identity formation is based on values and symbols which refer to Charlemagne, but cultural communication resonates with King Arthur, forming an intricate acquis mythologique communautaire. This study explores early post-war Carolingian references in Western Europe (1949–1952) and subsequent appropriations in Eastern Europe (2000–2009). Whether supportive or critical, these references permanently link the idea of European unity to Charlemagne, creating a discourse where even critics tacitly accept the validity of this connection. The absence of King Arthur in the EU integration discourse prompts a call for further exploration. The author suggests that Arthurian imagery could provide a unique analytical perspective and contribute to the further deep analysis of the evolving European identity.