A review of the correlation between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and dysbiosis of the female reproductive tract

This article reviews the relationship between vaginal microecological imbalance and cervical HPV infection, highlighting the latest research advancements in this area. As the primary defense line of the female reproductive tract, the bal-ance of vaginal microecology plays a crucial role in how susceptible someone is to HPV infections, how long those infections last, and how effectively they can be cleared. Recent studies have shown that the variety and stability of vaginal bacteria are closely linked to cervical HPV infections. Dysbiosis of the vaginal microecology may lead to changes in the local immune microenvironment, thereby weakening the host's resistance to HPV. Additionally, inflammatory re-sponses play an important role in the occurrence and progression of HPV infections. Through the analysis of existing research, this article further explores the potential application value of microecological regu-lation, including com-bating HPV infections by adjusting microbial struc-ture and restoring microe-cological balance. By integrating this research evidence, the article aims to pro-vide theoretical support for clinical practice and future research directions to promote the development of early prevention and intervention strategies for HPV.