Optimizing fluorescence imaging through scattering media using structured light-assisted wavefront shaping

The scattering of light by biological tissues significantly impedes fluorescence imaging, affecting key aspects such as image resolution, contrast, depth, and the interpretation of fluorescent measurements. To overcome these challenges, we introduce an approach that combines wavefront shaping with image processing. Wavefront shaping adjusts the phase and amplitude of light waves in real time, counteracting scattering-induced aberrations and enhancing image fidelity. Our method optimizes the collection of signals from multiple fluorescent targets, facilitating their precise localization and tracking. Further augmenting this method, we employ a Bessel-Gauss (BG) beam, renowned for its ability to reconstruct its original structure post-interaction with scattering particles. This attribute enhances imaging depth and contrast. Experimental validations conducted across various scattering media confirm the practical feasibility of our approach. Its compatibility with existing microscopy systems offers great potential to advance biological imaging, biomedical diagnostics, and research, paving the way for widespread adoption in various scientific fields.