The effect of non‐surgical periodontal treatment on progranulin levels

Progranulin (PGRN) is a protein with complex physiological functions, producing granulin peptides that promote inflammatory and anti-inflammatory activity. This study aimed to evaluate PGRN levels in the presence of periodontal disease and the local and systemic changes after following non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). The study included periodontitis (test) (n = 24) and periodontal health (control) (n = 24) groups. PGRN, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin (IL) -1β, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and IL-10 levels were assessed in serum and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples at baseline and at various time points after NSPT. GCF PGRN total amount levels were higher in the presence of periodontitis. Their levels decreased after NSPT from the 14th day in patients with periodontitis in parallel with inflammatory and regenerative mediators. However, PGRN/TNF-α molar ratio levels increased after treatment at the end of the early healing phase. Molecular mediators hold promise as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool in periodontal therapy. Monitoring the level of PGRN in GCF before and after periodontal therapy could in the future be useful for personalized care.