ANALISIS KESULITAN SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL OPERASI HITUNG BILANGAN BULAT DI KELAS VII SMP

ABSTRACT Mathematics is a fundamental discipline that plays an important role in developing logical, analytical, and systematic thinking skills. However, in school practice, many students still encounter difficulties, particularly in learning integers, which serve as the foundation for more advanced mathematical operations. These difficulties affect students’ ability to solve problems, both in direct arithmetic operations and in word problems. This study aims to analyze the types of difficulties and the contributing factors that influence the ability of Grade VII A students at SMP Cerdas Bangsa in solving integer arithmetic problems. The research employed a qualitative descriptive method with a case study approach. The subjects consisted of 22 students, with six selected as interview participants based on diagnostic test results scoring below the Minimum Mastery Criteria (KKM). Data were collected through diagnostic tests and semi-structured interviews. The findings revealed that students experienced difficulties in distinguishing positive and negative signs, errors in the order of mixed operations, and challenges in transforming word problems into appropriate mathematical representations. The causes of these difficulties stemmed from internal factors, such as weak conceptual understanding, limited memory, low literacy, and lack of motivation, as well as external factors, including monotonous teaching methods, limited use of concrete media, insufficient practice, and lack of support from the learning environment. This study recommends implementing problem-based learning with a contextual approach, incorporating visual representations, and providing varied practice questions to enhance conceptual understanding, critical thinking, and students’ overall problem-solving skills in mathematics. ABSTRAK Matematika merupakan ilmu dasar yang berperan penting dalam mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir logis, analitis, dan sistematis. Namun, dalam praktik pembelajaran di sekolah, banyak siswa masih mengalami kesulitan, khususnya pada materi bilangan bulat yang menjadi fondasi bagi operasi matematika lebih lanjut. Kesulitan ini berdampak pada rendahnya kemampuan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal, baik berupa operasi hitung langsung maupun soal cerita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk-bentuk kesulitan serta faktor-faktor penyebab yang memengaruhi kemampuan siswa kelas VII A SMP Cerdas Bangsa dalam menyelesaikan soal operasi hitung bilangan bulat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Subjek penelitian terdiri atas 22 siswa, dengan enam siswa dipilih sebagai fokus wawancara berdasarkan hasil tes diagnostik yang memperoleh nilai di bawah Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM). Data dikumpulkan melalui tes diagnostik dan wawancara semi terstruktur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam membedakan tanda positif dan negatif, kesalahan dalam urutan operasi campuran, serta hambatan dalam mengubah soal cerita ke bentuk representasi matematis. Faktor penyebab kesulitan bersumber dari aspek internal, seperti lemahnya pemahaman konsep, daya ingat, literasi, dan motivasi belajar, serta aspek eksternal berupa metode pembelajaran yang monoton, minimnya media konkret, terbatasnya latihan soal, dan kurangnya dukungan lingkungan belajar. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penerapan pembelajaran berbasis masalah dengan pendekatan kontekstual, penggunaan representasi visual, serta pemberian latihan soal yang bervariasi untuk me ningkatkan pemahaman konsep, keterampilan berpikir kritis, dan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa dalam matematika.

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SECONDARY Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Menengah
Published
2025-08-22
DOI
https://doi.org/10.51878/secondary.v5i3.6347
Primary Topic
Plant Growth and Agriculture Techniques
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article
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article

ANALISIS KESULITAN SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL OPERASI HITUNG BILANGAN BULAT DI KELAS VII SMP

Vinsensius Herianto Ndori, Maria Aprilia Venerani Gokun, Tanti Diah Rahmawati, Vinsensia Mayestica Sefrina
SECONDARY Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Menengah
Plant Growth and Agriculture Techniques
article

ANALISIS KESULITAN SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL OPERASI HITUNG BILANGAN BULAT DI KELAS VII SMP

Vinsensius Herianto Ndori, Maria Aprilia Venerani Gokun, Tanti Diah Rahmawati, Vinsensia Mayestica Sefrina
article en

Abstract

ABSTRACT Mathematics is a fundamental discipline that plays an important role in developing logical, analytical, and systematic thinking skills. However, in school practice, many students still encounter difficulties, particularly in learning integers, which serve as the foundation for more advanced mathematical operations. These difficulties affect students’ ability to solve problems, both in direct arithmetic operations and in word problems. This study aims to analyze the types of difficulties and the contributing factors that influence the ability of Grade VII A students at SMP Cerdas Bangsa in solving integer arithmetic problems. The research employed a qualitative descriptive method with a case study approach. The subjects consisted of 22 students, with six selected as interview participants based on diagnostic test results scoring below the Minimum Mastery Criteria (KKM). Data were collected through diagnostic tests and semi-structured interviews. The findings revealed that students experienced difficulties in distinguishing positive and negative signs, errors in the order of mixed operations, and challenges in transforming word problems into appropriate mathematical representations. The causes of these difficulties stemmed from internal factors, such as weak conceptual understanding, limited memory, low literacy, and lack of motivation, as well as external factors, including monotonous teaching methods, limited use of concrete media, insufficient practice, and lack of support from the learning environment. This study recommends implementing problem-based learning with a contextual approach, incorporating visual representations, and providing varied practice questions to enhance conceptual understanding, critical thinking, and students’ overall problem-solving skills in mathematics. ABSTRAK Matematika merupakan ilmu dasar yang berperan penting dalam mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir logis, analitis, dan sistematis. Namun, dalam praktik pembelajaran di sekolah, banyak siswa masih mengalami kesulitan, khususnya pada materi bilangan bulat yang menjadi fondasi bagi operasi matematika lebih lanjut. Kesulitan ini berdampak pada rendahnya kemampuan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal, baik berupa operasi hitung langsung maupun soal cerita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk-bentuk kesulitan serta faktor-faktor penyebab yang memengaruhi kemampuan siswa kelas VII A SMP Cerdas Bangsa dalam menyelesaikan soal operasi hitung bilangan bulat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Subjek penelitian terdiri atas 22 siswa, dengan enam siswa dipilih sebagai fokus wawancara berdasarkan hasil tes diagnostik yang memperoleh nilai di bawah Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM). Data dikumpulkan melalui tes diagnostik dan wawancara semi terstruktur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam membedakan tanda positif dan negatif, kesalahan dalam urutan operasi campuran, serta hambatan dalam mengubah soal cerita ke bentuk representasi matematis. Faktor penyebab kesulitan bersumber dari aspek internal, seperti lemahnya pemahaman konsep, daya ingat, literasi, dan motivasi belajar, serta aspek eksternal berupa metode pembelajaran yang monoton, minimnya media konkret, terbatasnya latihan soal, dan kurangnya dukungan lingkungan belajar. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penerapan pembelajaran berbasis masalah dengan pendekatan kontekstual, penggunaan representasi visual, serta pemberian latihan soal yang bervariasi untuk me ningkatkan pemahaman konsep, keterampilan berpikir kritis, dan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa dalam matematika.

SECONDARY Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan MenengahVol. 5(3)
Institut Sains dan Teknologi Terpadu Surabaya (ID), Universitas Muhammadiyah Tapanuli Selatan (ID)
Openalex Percentile: Top 72%
Plant Growth and Agriculture Techniques
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