Analytical solution of heat transfer properties within dental tissue induced by repeated pulsed laser irradiation

Accurately predicting how dental tissue responds to pulsed laser technology is crucial for treating dental defects and lesions. This study proposes an analytical strategy to predict the heat transfer behavior in dental tissue under repeated pulsed laser irradiation. First, a theoretical model of layered dental tissue is developed based on the Pennes bio-heat transfer equation. Subsequently, the dynamic temperature response under repeated laser pulses is analytically solved using Laplace transform, where the cumulative effect of multiple pulses is treated as a superposition of single-pulse excitations. The relationship between the dynamic temperature response and key parameters is systematically investigated. The results demonstrate that the induced peak temperature in dental tissue depends on the laser energy density, as well as the structural, thermal and optical properties of each tissue layer. The peak temperature exhibits an exponential relationship with the input parameters and depth.