Comparative analysis on diversity of Odonata from various habitat in Surabaya and adjacent areas

The development and expansion of Surabaya, Gresik and Sidoarjo cities stimulated changes in land use and has caused the destruction and deterioration of natural habitats for many organisms including Odonata. Odonata is one small group of insect composed of three suborders: Anisoptera (dragonfly), Zygoptera (damselfly) and Epiophlebioptera. They are suitable to be used as model organisms for the study of urban ecosystems due to their sentivity to different stressors; and ideal as bioindicators in both aquatic and terrestrial habitats. This study aimed to compare the diversity of Odonata from various habitat types in those cities, including industrial estates, urban and suburban as well as coastal habitat. Data on Odonata community assemblages were collected from April to May 2024 using Modified Visual Encounter Survey and analyzed for the values of diversity indices as well as the community similarity. In total, 808 individuals of Odonata from 26 species and 6 families were counted from 7 observation sites, dominated by members of Libellulidae (16 spesies, abundance 70.54% of total population) and Coenagrionidae (6 species, 27.23%). Five dominant species are Brachythemis contaminata, Crocothemis servilia, Agriocnemis femina, Orthetrum sabina and Rhyothemis phyllis; which usually generalist and more adaptable to environmental changes. Locations with large freshwater bodies and vast riparian vegetation tend to have more diverse dan abundant Odonata (S = 20-21 species, H’ = 2.546-2.590) compared to coastal habitat (S = 8-9 species, H’ = 1.776-1.836) and urban and industrial estates (S = 5-6 species, H’ = 1.399-1.633).