Decoding Male Infertility: A Comprehensive Semen Analysis of 160 Cases.

The prevalence of infertility in general population is 15-20%, out of which the male factor contributes to 20-40%. The semen analysis is an indispensable diagnostic tool in the evaluation of male gender in infertile couples. Objectives : To evaluate male factor of infertility by microscopic evaluation of semen analysis in accordance with World Health Organization Laboratory manual for examination and processing of semen, 6th edition. Materials and methods:  This is a retrospective study assessing semen findings in 160 men which was evaluated in a tertiary care hospital in Bengaluru from January 2023 to December 2024. All semen samples were manually processed and analysed according to methods and standards outlined by the latest world health organization guidelines. Sperm volume, viscosity, concentration, motility and morphology were observed. Results: This study included a total of 160 cases. Age of the study population ranged from 20-48yrs with a mean age of 30.02±2yrs. We identified abnormal semen quality having significant influence on infertility in couples. 35.6 % cases showed severe sperm abnormalities including oligoasthenoteratozoospermia, azoospermia and pyospermia. In addition, hormonal profile was also ordered in 22 cases, amongst which 22.8% cases showed abnormal levels. Conclusion: Semenogram is an essential tool for male infertility analysis by a pathologist and provides diagnostic clues to the attending clinician. Risk Factor identification and utilizing advanced diagnostic modalities for male infertility workup are strongly suggested.