SIGMUND FREUD AND ANALYSIS OF HIS THEORY OF PSYCHOANALYSIS

The article analyzes one of the most significant theories in the science of psychology- the theory of psychoanalysis- by examining its essence, the process of its formation, and the influence of its founder Sigmund Freud’s personal experiences on the development of the theory. The fact that Freud’s psychological perspectives continue to spark scientific debate today, and that his views on religion, personality development, and the structure of the psyche remain subjects of extensive controversy, clearly highlights the relevance of this research. The study is based primarily on the works of Sigmund Freud, alongside a theoretical analysis and comparison of other relevant sources and scholarly texts. The main hypothesis and thesis of the research propose that the events Freud experienced during his childhood formed the foundation of his psychological theory, and that these experiences significantly influenced both his attitude towards religion and his ideas regarding the structure of personality. The central research question addresses the extent to which Freud’s early social and psychological traumas, as well as the experiences and events he encountered in later stages of his life, played a role in shaping his personality and, consequently, the psychoanalytic theory he developed. The study concludes that certain aspects of the theory of psychoanalysis still present scientific ambiguities and contradictions, underscoring the need for more in-depth and multifaceted research on the topic in the future. The article ends by emphasizing the demand for scholarly inquiry in this field within the country and expresses the hope that this work will serve as a stimulus for further research.