Description of the Incidence Urinary Tract Stones in Patients at the Teluk Kuantan Regional General Hospital Period January-December 2022-2024

Urolithiasis, or urinary tract stones, is a condition in which stones form in the urinary tract, ranging from the renal pelvis (kidney stones or nephrolithiasis), ureter (ureterolithiasis), bladder (vesicolithiasis), and urethra (urethrolithiasis). There are various factors that can contribute to the formation of urolithiasis. Symptoms can vary widely, ranging from asymptomatic cases to renal colic, and may also include psychological, economic, and lifestyle-related issues. Management of urinary tract stones includes conservative and surgical approaches. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence and patient characteristics of urolithiasis cases at Teluk Kuantan Hospital from January 2022 to December 2024. This study used a retrospective descriptive design with a sample of 397 new cases (incidence) of urinary tract stones at Teluk Kuantan General Hospital. Results: The incidence of urinary tract stones at Teluk Kuantan General Hospital from January 2022 to December 2024 was 397 cases. The distribution results showed that urinary tract stones occurred more frequently in males (63.7%) than in females (36.3%). There was an increase in the number of patients in the 40-60 age group over three consecutive years (54.0%, 54.8%, and 55.1%). The most common location of the stones was in the kidneys (70.3%). The most common management approach for urinary tract stones was medical treatment (38.8%). Conclusion: Based on the study results, it can be concluded that urinary tract stones are more common in males, aged 40–60 years, with the most common location being the kidneys (nephrolithiasis), and most common management approach being medical treatment.