From single ligament to multi-ligament injury: a finite element study on the contribution of the posterior ligamentous complex to segmental stability and intervertebral disc stress distribution

This study revealed the nonlinear cumulative effects of PLC damage on spinal stability, emphasizing the dominant roles of ISL and LF in maintaining biomechanical integrity. The findings provide critical quantitative insights for clinical decision-making, surgical planning, and postoperative rehabilitation strategies, highlighting the importance of preserving intact ligaments to leverage their compensatory capacity in mitigating instability.