Rol de la valoración funcional para la prevención de la fragilidad en adultos mayores desde la atención primaria

Frailty in older adults is a highly prevalent geriatric syndrome that increases the risk of dependency, hospitalization, and mortality. Functional assessment is key in primary care to prevent frailty in older adults by detecting physical, cognitive, and social limitations early on using structured tools that allow for a comprehensive, person-centered approach. In addition, it facilitates clinical decision-making, risk stratification, and follow-up of interventions. This review article aims to describe the role of functional assessment in primary care for the prevention of frailty in older adults. Recent studies addressing multidimensional interventions were examined, highlighting personalized physical activity, adequate nutrition, periodic functional assessment, and psychosocial support, whose evidence shows that a comprehensive approach from primary care, with the active participation of interdisciplinary teams, allows for the identification of modifiable risk factors and promotes healthy aging. In conclusion, preventing frailty requires a proactive, personalized, and sustained approach that combines clinical, community, and family interventions.