The Effect of Approach Speed on Flight Angle and Landing Distance on The Parallel Bars in Young Gymnasts

This study examines the vital relationship between approach speed, flight angle, and landing distance during parallel bars exercises among junior gymnasts. These factors are critical biomechanical variables that influence performance quality and stability during landing, especially in the early stages of development characterized by the development of motor and technical abilities. Given the paucity of applied studies addressing this topic specifically on the parallel bars, the study sought to fill this gap by analyzing the relationship between these variables in an age group ranging from 10 to 14 years. The researcher used a descriptive analytical approach with a correlational design, applying precise tools such as high-speed photography and motion analysis software to measure the key variables. The sample included 12 gymnasts tested under standardized conditions. Each gymnast's three attempts were recorded, and the best performance was analyzed. The results showed a very strong correlation between approach speed and flight angle, as well as between each of these variables and landing distance, demonstrating the kinematic integration of flight and landing. Statistical analysis revealed that flight angle is a more important predictor than approach speed, highlighting the need to focus on correct technique during takeoff. The research recommends incorporating flight angle-specific exercises into training programs, along with the use of biomechanical measurement and analysis techniques to track performance development. It also emphasizes the importance of designing individualized training programs that take into account age and physical differences