Pan-Cancer Analysis of GPR141: Unveiling its prognostic significance, immune microenvironment interactions, and therapeutic potential

<b>Background:</b> GPCRs play an important role in the development of cancer. However, as a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family, the function of GPR141 is still unclear, and its function in pan-cancer is even less known. <b>Methods:</b> In this study, a series of bioinformatics methods were used to explore the potential carcinogenic effects of GPR141, including analysis of GPR141 expression in different tumors, related prognosis, mutations, gene correlation analysis, gene enrichment analysis, immune cell infiltration and other factors. All results and data are available from TIMER, GEPIA2.0, TISIDB, cBioportal and other data portals. In addition, we collected lung adenocarcinoma samples, hepatocellular carcinoma and adjacent tissues for immunohistochemical analysis. And we stably knocked down GPR141 in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines A549 and H1975, and the changes of cell proliferation, migration and invasion were detected by CCK8, Transwell migration and invasion experiments. <b>Results:</b> GPR141 is differentially expressed in a variety of cancers. GPR141 is closely related to the prognosis, genetic changes and immune infiltrating cells of tumor patients. Gene enrichment analysis showed that GPR141 was mainly involved in immune-related pathways in pan-cancer. In pan-cancer, the expression levels of PTPRC, TLRB, PLEK, NCKAP1L, PGS18 and CLEC12A were positively correlated with GPR141. Immunohistochemical results showed that the expression of GPR141 in lung adenocarcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma was higher than that in adjacent tissues. After knocking down GPR141 in A549 and H1975, we found that the proliferation, migration and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cells decreased after knocking down GPR141. <b>Conclusion:</b> GPR141 may be a new prognostic marker and therapeutic target for human tumors, providing a theoretical basis for the development of more effective and targeted clinical treatment of cancer.