Isolated Hemihyperplasia in Adolescence: A Case Report

Isolated hemihyperplasia is a rare condition characterized by asymmetric overgrowth of the body that is not associated with overgrowth syndromes. We report the case of a 16-year-old adolescent with isolated congenital hemihyperplasia affecting the left hemibody, who had never undergone specific evaluation for this condition, as the clinical manifestations were mild and did not result in significant alterations beyond the observable asymmetry. Notable findings included slightly finer and thinner scalp hair texture on the contralateral side to the hemihyperplasia, as well as bilateral brachymetatarsia of the third toes. Clinical criteria and molecular testing were essential for establishing an accurate diagnosis. Given the association between hemihyperplasia and tumor risk, screening for neoplasms using abdominal ultrasound and serum alpha-fetoprotein testing is recommended. This condition presents a clinical challenge, as coordinated intervention by specialists in orthopedics, nephrology, and genetics is required to ensure effective clinical management.