Nurses' knowledge and attitudes towards artificial intelligence and related factors: A systematic review

This systematic review investigates nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and related factors concerning artificial intelligence (AI). A comprehensive and systematic search was conducted across various international electronic databases, including Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science. Keywords were derived from Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and included terms such as "knowledge", "attitude", "artificial intelligence", and "nurses". The search encompassed records from the earliest available to July 3, 2024. The quality of the studies included in this systematic review was assessed using the Appraisal Tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS tool), an appraisal instrument designed for cross-sectional studies. In total, 1,213 nurses were surveyed across five cross-sectional studies. 76.37% of these participants were female. The systematic review included studies conducted in Egypt (n=2), the United States (n=1), China (n=1), and Germany (n=1). The average knowledge score of AI among nurses in four studies was 21.93 out of 100, indicating poor knowledge of AI. There was a significant relationship between nurses' knowledge of AI and education level, gender, and the type of healthcare facility in which they work (n=1). The average positive attitude of nurses towards AI, as observed in three studies, was 67.19 out of 100, reflecting a generally high positive attitude among nurses. There was a significant relationship between nurses' education level and attitude toward AI (n=1). Therefore, policymakers and health managers can enhance nurses' knowledge and positive attitudes by focusing on factors such as education level, gender, and type of healthcare facility.