Quantum Teleportation of Genuine Single-Rail Vacuum-One-Photon Qubits

Quantum teleportation represents a key protocol for several tasks in quantum information processing. Theoretically proposed in [1], it was successfully demonstrated with qubits encoded in various degrees of freedom and platforms. However, its implementation with qubits in the photon-number encoding is challenging, since their preparation is unfeasible with linear optics. Indeed, only entangled states could be teleported in previous teleportation demonstrations in this encoding [2], which has been raising a growing interest in quantum computation and communication tasks due to the recent technological improvements in single-photon generation and detection efficiency. On the other hand, quantum dot-based single-photon sources are raising attractivity due not only to their high generation rates, single-photon purity, and high photon indistinguishability, but also to their capability to generate coherent superpositions of photon-number states when driven in the resonance fluorescence regime [3].