Electro-Optic Frequency Combs for High Flux X-Ray Generation via High-Intensity Laser-Particle Interactions at CERN

Electro-optic frequency comb (EOFC) technology has undergone a significant development in recent years, driven by the increasing demand for agile ultrafast optical systems in both scientific research and commercial applications. Advances in integrated and fiber-based GHz modulators operating in the near-infrared (NIR) region have enabled the use of modulation techniques to efficiently generate ultrafast laser pulses with arbitrary repetition rates of up to 10s of GHz and tunable pulse duration down to 100s of fs. This technology is particularly well suited for use in high-repetition-rate accelerators, which operate in the 3 - 12 GHz domain and with burst time structures that diverge significantly from the regular pulse trains routinely produced by amplified mode-locked lasers in the MHz and kHz regime.