Modeling of Microwave Modulated Quantum Cascade Lasers

Strong microwave injection into specially designed optical waveguides has recently led to a paradigm shift in the creation of coherent light states emitted from quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) [1]. These innovations comprise the generation of a wide variety of frequency comb [2] types, ranging from mode-locked ultrashort pulses [3] to broad frequency-modulated combs associated with quantum walks [4]. The progress in this field drives an increasing demand for refined theoretical descriptions that correctly capture the interaction of the microwave modulation signal with the optical waveform in the laser.