Bio-convective magnetized ternary hybrid nanofluid flow between two parallel plates: A numerical approach

This study aims to explore the heat and mass transfer characteristics of MHD three dimension ternary hybrid nanofluid flow between parallel plates. The ternary hybrid nanofluid comprises Cu (copper), SiO2 (silicon dioxide) and Fe2O4 (Iron II, III oxide) nanoparticles mixed in H2O (water), selected for their superior thermal, magnetic, and stability properties. Novelty: The novelty of this study lies in the combined effect of Joule heating, thermal radiation, chemical reaction and motile microorganisms in a ternary hybrid nanofluid flow, which has not been thoroughly investigated in parallel plate channel. Moreover, the interaction of different nanoparticles and microorganisms introduces new insights into bio-convection transport phenomena. Methodology: The leading flow equations are obtained as PDEs, which are subsequently transformed into ODEs via similarity transformation. The problem is solved numerically by utilizing bvp4c technique in the MATLAB package. Results: The microorganism profile shows increment for higher magnitude of thermophoresis parameter, on the other hand decreases against higher Peclet and Lewis number. The axial velocity diminished near the bottom plate due to higher magnetic and rotation parameter, while upsurge at the top plate. The skin friction decrease 0.17%, while Nusselt number, Sherwood number and coefficient of motile microorganism escalates 13.37%, 2.4%, and 0.23% respectively. Density of the microorganism number elevate 0.11% as Lewis number gets larger, also for Peclet number 0.74% increment is observed. The temperature distribution amplified radiation, themophoresis, Eckert number and Browning parameters. Application: This model finds particle applications in cooling systems, micro-reactors, drug delivery and thermal solar devices.