Propolis as an antioxidant: bibliometric analysis of 25 years of research indexed in Scopus

Propolis has demonstrated antioxidant effects, and various studies have identified this pharmacological property. Therefore, it is necessary to describe the most relevant research outcomes. This study aims to conduct a bibliometric evaluation by visualizing articles indexed in the Scopus database, focusing on propolis as an antioxidant between 2000 and 2024. A total of 645 documents were analyzed. Brazil (122) and Turkey (90) were the most productive countries, and Universidade de São Paulo was the institution with the most articles published (35). Molecules (30), Journal of Apicultural Research (19), and Antioxidants (15) were the journals with the most articles published. The research provides evidence-based insights into the antioxidant properties of propolis, supporting its potential use in functional food formulations and the development of nutraceuticals. The findings contribute to guiding both industry innovations and regulatory frameworks that aim to promote scientifically grounded applications of natural antioxidants.