Microchannel Chip Based on Fluid Dynamics Control for Cell Analysis and Manipulation

Abstract Cell analysis and manipulation play an important role in the fields of biomedical research and clinical precision medicine. They facilitate disease diagnosis, therapy monitoring, and treatment guidance by characterizing cellular dimensions, morphology, biological properties, and operational responses. Microchannel chips based on fluid dynamics, as an emerging integrated platform technology, offer precise, label‐free, and high‐throughput tools for cellular analysis and manipulation. These chips are efficiently fabricated using scalable industrial techniques, allowing for the creation of geometrically tunable microchannels with micro‐scale precision for cell transport and manipulation. Unlike conventional systems, they enable spatiotemporal control over cellular positioning with submicron resolution via fluid dynamics, thereby achieving deterministic cellular manipulation. Microchannel‐based chips have propelled advancements in cellular analysis and therapeutic devices, with including hematological profiling, neoplastic cell isolation, and oncolytic intervention. This review systematically elucidates the operational principles underlying the workflows of microchannel chips based on fluid dynamics, critically examines recent advancements in device engineering, and assesses their translational potential in the realms of cellular analytics and precision biomanipulation. Particular emphasis is placed on discussing their practicality and potential in cell analysis and manipulation applications based on fluid dynamics while highlighting the scalability challenges and proposing future directions for clinical implementation.