THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ANTI-CORRUPTION POLICIES IN THE DIGITAL AGE: A LITERATURE REVIEW ON THE USE OF TECHNOLOGY IN THE ERADICATION OF CORRUPTION

In Indonesia, corruption remains an important issue, which is reflected in the country's loss due to a 38 Corruption Perception Index (CPI) 2023 and 1.25 corruption incidents (2019-2023) of RP27 trillion rings. While traditional approaches are considered less effective, the digital age offers possibilities through technologies such as e-government, blockchain, and artificial intelligence (AI). The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of digital devices in anti-corruption guidelines and to identify the factors that support and hinder their implementation. Normative legal research methods have been employed in literature studies that analyze primary sources (legal documents and court decisions) and secondary sources (global case studies), and conduct comparative and historical analyses. The results of the study show that digital technology increases the obligation of transparency and accountability. E-Pro-Pro Cuceed reduced corruption in procurement supply by 0%. AI in Surveillance Information Systems (SIMPONI) reduced corruption cases by 28% (2020-2023), and blockchain was also demonstrated. However, its effectiveness is hampered by gaps in digital infrastructure, low literacy in equipment technology, and bureaucratic resistance. The study also corrects the over-optimism of isolated technology solutions by demonstrating the importance of integrating digital innovation with institutional reforms, such as the following. Political recommendations include increased training in digital capabilities, regulatory harmonization for technology adoption, and multilateral cooperation. The study confirms that a hybrid approach (a combination of technology and governance reform) is more effective in combating corruption than mere technical solutions. The theoretical implications modify the leading day theory by incorporating the digital dimension as a crucial variable.