THE IMPACT OF SPECIALISTS’ SCIENTIFIC DEGREE ON SALARY AND UNEMPLOYMENT RATE: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN THE USA AND UZBEKISTAN

This article evaluates the impact of educational attainment on wages and employment outcomes in both the United States and Uzbekistan.Using national labor force statistics and econometric studies, the analysis explores how bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees influence monthly salaries and unemployment rates.It demonstrates that higher education enhances labor market prospects in both countries, though the institutional and structural contexts produce differences in magnitude and dispersion.Comparative findings underscore the necessity of aligning educational systems with economic demand and suggest tailored policy interventions to maximize human capital returns.In parallel, the paper examines the evolution, structure, and key features of Uzbekistan's banking system, with particular attention to its transformation since the post-Soviet transition and more recent economic reforms.It offers a comparative overview of commercial and development banks, monetary policy, and the expansion of digital financial services.Drawing on official reports, academic literature, and government data, the study assesses the banking sector's contribution to financial inclusion, credit portfolio quality, and economic resilience.The role of international institutions, including the IMF and World Bank, in supporting Uzbekistan's financial sector reform is also discussed.Together, the dual focus on labor market dynamics and banking system development provides a comprehensive view of how structural reforms and human capital investment intersect in shaping economic performance.