Polyaminoacid: revolutionizing drug delivery through advanced nanocarrier systems

Polyaminoacid are smart nanocarriers and striking aspirant material for drug delivery. Amino-acids can be effortlessly ionized positively or negatively. Commonly used polyaminoacid chains are polylysine, polyarginine, and polyglutamic acid. Polyaminoacid polymers can also be synthesized in the laboratory and are called synthetic polyaminoacid polymers. Polyaminoacid are sensitive to acidic pH and are degraded by acid and enzymes in the lysosome, the amino acids are released and the conjugated drug portion is also released. Block polymers are versatile and multifunctional in drug delivery. PEG-copolymers can be utilized for drug targeting, organ imaging and drug delivery purpose. Only water soluble polyaminoacid can be utilized for drug delivery and other biomedical applications. The advantage of using Polyaminoacid is that they are biocompatible, biodegradable, pH sensitive, provide nutrients to the tissue upon cleavage, are conjugated with drug, proteins, and antibodies, and can be amalgamated with other polymers such as chitosan, nanoparticle synthesis with other composite material is possible. The active drug loading is highly efficient, intracellular drug delivery possible, it can cross many physiological and anatomical barriers such as the blood brain barrier, self –assembled property, delivery of prodrugs etc. Biomedical applications include cancer cell targeting, gene transfer, gene delivery, siRNA transfer, miRNA, gene silencing, intraocular delivery, intracellular delivery, brain delivery, radiological imaging, bone tuberculosis, cosmetic use, colonic drug delivery, delivery of prodrug. Therefore, polyaminoacid are versatile in drug delivery systems.