An Energy-oriented Path Optimization of Mobile Sink using ESCVAD Routing Protocol based on Voronoi Clustering Algorithm

This paper addresses the critical challenges of energy efficiency and network performance in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), particularly in the context of Mobile Sink (MS) nodes. As WSN technology continues to advance, the need for effective routing protocols becomes increasingly important due to constraints such as limited battery power and network congestion. This study proposes an energy-oriented path optimization utilizing the Energy-saving Clustering by Voronoi Adaptive Dividing (ESCVAD) routing protocol, which is based on a Voronoi clustering algorithm. By implementing clustering techniques, sensor nodes are grouped into clusters with designated cluster heads, facilitating efficient data aggregation and transmission to the base station. The proposed solution performs a simulation that compares the performance of the ESCVAD protocol against traditional direct data transmission methods. Results indicate significant improvements in throughput, minimized jitter, and balanced energy consumption, thereby enhancing the overall network lifetime. Furthermore, this research contributes to the ongoing development of energy-efficient routing protocols in WSNs and lays the groundwork for future real-world applications and scalability testing.