Design and Implementation of a 1 MW Grid-Connected Solar PV System: Technical and Economic Analysis

With the rising global demand for clean and sustainable energy, grid-connected solar photovoltaic (PV) systems have become increasingly vital in supplementing conventional power generation. This paper presents the design and techno-economic analysis of a 1 MW grid-tied solar PV plant suitable for Indian climatic conditions. The system is designed to maximize energy generation while minimizing losses and ensuring stable grid interaction. Key aspects include site selection, system sizing, panel and inverter configuration, and performance ratio evaluation using MATLAB/PVsyst tools. A comprehensive cost analysis has been conducted, including capital expenditure (CAPEX), operational expenditure (OPEX), and payback period estimation. The study concludes that the 1 MW solar plant not only reduces greenhouse gas emissions but also offers significant financial returns over its operational life, highlighting its feasibility as a sustainable energy solution.