Emerging Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns among Uropathogens in Baghdad

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common bacterial illness worldwide, but rising antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a therapeutic issue. Iraq lacks current local data on UTI-causing pathogens and their resistance patterns. The aim of this research is to examine the progression of uropathogens isolated from urine samples in Baghdad and assess their antibiotic susceptibility profiles. Between May 2023 and December 2024 in Baghdad gathered a total of 163 urine samples. Standard microbiological techniques were used to identify isolates, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out in accordance with CLSI guidelines. Escherichia coli was the most common isolate (64.4%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.1%), Enterococcus faecalis (11.0%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9.2%). Beta-lactams and fluoroquinolones showed high resistance, although carbapenems and Amikacin were still effective. There was no statistically significant relationship detected between gender and pathogen type (p > 0.05). The data reveal the worrying levels of resistance to common uropathogens in Baghdad, emphasizing the importance of culture-based treatment and national AMR surveillance.