Means and Objectives of Social Rehabilitation within Correctional Institutions

The role of rehabilitation and reform is limited to the human need of the deviant and the delinquent to bring him back to the right path and keep him away from evil and criminal behavior. Rehabilitation means that the implementation of the punitive punishment should be through the method of refinement and reform so that the convict can be qualified to adapt to society and not return to crime in the future. Rehabilitation in this description is a type of special deterrence, except that it is devoid of the element of pain and is dominated by the element of assistance in following the right path in the future. Social rehabilitation is, in fact, the offspring of modern penal policy, which relied on scientific experimental thinking and called for the necessity of protecting society from the criminal, not from the crime. This is done by examining the personality of this criminal, determining the degree of his criminal danger and its causes, and then taking the necessary measures to confront and treat this danger. Thus, the center of gravity shifted from the crime to the criminal. This shift led to the prevalence of new procedural and objective ideas for this policy, such as examining the personality of the criminal, determining the degree of his criminal danger, and treating it by choosing appropriate measures. Social rehabilitation is included within a general penal policy that aims to achieve crime prevention and reform criminals so that they return to society as good members, and behave like honorable citizens who seek to secure their livelihood by playing a constructive role in their society.