Enhancing Design and Construction of Microcontroller based Rechargeable Electric Motor Vehicle Operating Mechanism using Fuzzy based Ultracapacitor

This research focuses on enhancing the design and construction of a microcontroller-based rechargeable electric motor vehicle by integrating a fuzzy logic controller with an ultracapacitor system.The objective is to improve the vehicle's operational mechanism, particularly in terms of energy efficiency, responsiveness, and reliability.Traditional battery-only electric vehicles often face challenges such as slow response to load variations, limited battery lifespan, and inefficient energy utilization.To address these issues, this study incorporates a fuzzy-based control strategy to manage power distribution between a rechargeable battery and an ultracapacitor bank.A microcontroller (e.g., Arduino Uno) is used to execute the fuzzy logic algorithm, which dynamically controls the charge and discharge cycles of the ultracapacitor to support the electric motor during peak load demands and regenerative braking.The system is designed to intelligently allocate energy resources based on real-time data inputs, such as motor load, speed, and battery voltage.The integration of the ultracapacitor significantly reduces stress on the battery, extends its life cycle, and improves overall energy management.Experimental results from the prototype vehicle demonstrate improved acceleration, smoother motor control, and enhanced energy recovery.This project establishes a robust framework for developing smarter electric vehicle systems using fuzzy logic and energy storage technologies.The findings offer practical implications for sustainable transportation, particularly in lowcost or resource-constrained environments.The conventional Inadequate Motor Sizing that causes poor design and construction of microcontroller based rechargeable electric motor vehicle operating mechanism was 23%.On the other hand, when Fuzzy based ultra capacitor was integrated in the system, it simultaneously reduced it to17.3%and the conventional Substandard Motor Driver or Inverter Circuitry that causes poor design and construction of microcontroller based rechargeable electric motor vehicle operating mechanism was 9%.Meanwhile, when Fuzzy based ultra capacitor was imbibed into the system, it instantly reduced it to6.8%.Finally, with these results obtained, it signified that percentage enhancement in the design and construction of microcontroller based rechargeable electric motor vehicle operating mechanism when Fuzzy based ultra capacitor was incorporated into the system was 2.2%.