Asymmetric Stress Engineering of Dense Dislocations in Brittle Superconductors for Strong Vortex Pinning

Large lossless currents in high-temperature superconductors (HTS) critically rely on dense defects with suitable size and dimensionality to pin vortices, with dislocations being particularly effective due to their 1D geometry to interact extensively with vortex lines. However, in non-metallic compounds such as HTS with rigid lattices, conventional deformation methods typically lead to catastrophic fracture rather than dislocation-mediated plasticity, making it a persistent challenge to introduce dislocations at high density. Here, an asymmetric stress field strategy is proposed using extrusion to directly nucleate a high density of dislocations in HTS by activating shear-driven lattice slip and twisting under superimposed hydrostatic compression. As demonstrated in iron-based superconductors (IBS), atomic displacements of ≈1 Å trigger the formation of tilted dislocation lines with a density approaching that of metals. With further structural refinement, these dislocations serve as strong pinning centers that lead to a fivefold enhancement in the current-carrying capacity of IBS at 33 tesla (T), along with low anisotropy and a large irreversibility field. This work not only establishes a scalable route to engineer pinning landscapes in HTS but also offers a generalizable framework for manipulating dislocation structures in rigid crystalline systems.

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Publication Details

Journal
Advanced Materials
Published
2025-08-22
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202513265
Citations
5
Primary Topic
Iron-based superconductors research
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
2.14

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article

Asymmetric Stress Engineering of Dense Dislocations in Brittle Superconductors for Strong Vortex Pinning

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5 citations
Advanced Materials
Iron-based superconductors research
2.14
article

Asymmetric Stress Engineering of Dense Dislocations in Brittle Superconductors for Strong Vortex Pinning

Hideo Hosono, Chiheng Dong, Satoshi Awaji, Zengwei Zhu, Chao Yao, He Huang, Meng Han, Dongliang Gong, Jianxin Xie, Zhihao Zhang, Xiaolin L. Wang, Yuping Sun, Jianqi Li, Fang Liu, Junyi Luo, Dongliang Wang, Qinghua Zhang, Xianping Zhang, Yue Gong
article en
5 citations

Abstract

Large lossless currents in high-temperature superconductors (HTS) critically rely on dense defects with suitable size and dimensionality to pin vortices, with dislocations being particularly effective due to their 1D geometry to interact extensively with vortex lines. However, in non-metallic compounds such as HTS with rigid lattices, conventional deformation methods typically lead to catastrophic fracture rather than dislocation-mediated plasticity, making it a persistent challenge to introduce dislocations at high density. Here, an asymmetric stress field strategy is proposed using extrusion to directly nucleate a high density of dislocations in HTS by activating shear-driven lattice slip and twisting under superimposed hydrostatic compression. As demonstrated in iron-based superconductors (IBS), atomic displacements of ≈1 Å trigger the formation of tilted dislocation lines with a density approaching that of metals. With further structural refinement, these dislocations serve as strong pinning centers that lead to a fivefold enhancement in the current-carrying capacity of IBS at 33 tesla (T), along with low anisotropy and a large irreversibility field. This work not only establishes a scalable route to engineer pinning landscapes in HTS but also offers a generalizable framework for manipulating dislocation structures in rigid crystalline systems.

Advanced MaterialsVol. 37(44)
Tokyo Institute of Technology (JP), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN), Tohoku University (JP), University of Wollongong (AU), National Institute for Materials Science (JP), High Magnetic Field Laboratory (CN), Institute of Plasma Physics (CN), Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (CN), National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (CN), Institute of Physics (CN), National Laboratory for Superconductivity (CN), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN), Huazhong University of Science and Technology (CN), University of Science and Technology Beijing (CN)
National Natural Science Foundation of China, Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation, National Key Research and Development Program of China, Key Research Program of Frontier Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Openalex Percentile: Top 12%
Iron-based superconductors research
2.14
DOIOpen Access PDFOpenAlex
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