The Method of Improving the Operation and Repair Characteristics of Vehicles Using Epoxy Composites

Nowadays, the application of protective coatings based on polymer materials is a widespread method of protecting products and parts of water transport from the effects of various environments and is used to increase their service life after repair and restoration work. Application as a base for polymer composite materials based on epoxy resins is considered relevant. To improve the adhesive and mechanical characteristics of polymer composites, their physical and chemical modification was carried out. In particular, it is promising from a practical point of view to introduce into the epoxy resin a microdispersed filler of synthesized aluminum-copper charge (SACC) with a negligible content. It was established that in order to obtain protective coatings or products for increasing the resource of water transport with increased indicators of adhesive and cohesive characteristics, it is necessary to form a composite with the following number of ingredients: epoxy oligomer – 100% by mass; hardener PEPA – 10% by mass; microdisperse filler synthesized aluminum-copper charge – 2 % by mass. The mechanism of activation of interphase interaction during crosslinking of materials due to the formation of chemical bonds between side groups and segments of the epoxy oligomer and active centers on the surface of particles, such as Al+, Cu+, CuAl2 and Al4C3 is substantiated. It is shown that the adhesive-cohesive properties of materials depend mainly on the volume of the boundary surface layers that are formed around the filler particles during the polymerization of composites. The density of such layers differs from the density of the initial ingredients - polymer and filler and is determined by the following criteria: the level of wetting of the dispersed particles with a low-viscosity Newtonian oligomer, their dispersion and specific surface area, the presence of active centers on the surface. A model of the formation of epoxy composites in the presence of a dispersed filler is proposed. The model assumes the gradual formation of boundary surface layers around filler particles. In particular, it is shown the possibility of forming a network structure of a polymer with supramolecular globular inclusions in a polymer system without a filler, as well as successive stages of structure formation of composites in the presence of a filler.