Performance Evaluation of A Single Cyclone Flash Dryer For Instant Pounded Yam Flour Production: A Review

Yam tuber is predominantly found in the eastern, northern, and western parts of Nigeria, providing food for over 180 million people. Despite its significance, yams do not store well, and yam flour is one of the stable foods derived from them. It has historically played a crucial role in addressing issues of poverty and malnutrition, making the study's findings on the drying performance of a single cyclone flash dryer for producing quality IPYF particularly relevant. The study aims to recommend modifications for sustainable and profitable production, ensuring an affordable product for the populace. Drying is crucial in producing flour such as IPYF and Amala yam flour. For IPYF, flash drying stands out due to its high operating temperature (up to 200°C) and quick drying time. The flash dryer can be powered with spent oil and other fossil fuels in a considerable proportion, making it a cost-effective dryer. The study established that despite the high drying temperature of the flash dryer, the drying time is very short, which helps preserve the nutritional quality of the flour. However, concerns persist about the thermal efficiency and heat loss rate, making the operational environment less conducive. High energy consumption and low energy efficiency underscore the need for insulation, reduced spent oil usage, and decreased heat in the operational environment.