Simulation-Based Investigation of the Effectiveness of Fire Suppression Techniques for Residential Furnishing

This study proposes an equivalent furniture fire model based on standard combustible assembly and verifies its feasibility as a substitute for real furniture through full-scale experiments and numerical simulations. Experiments show that the peak heat release rate and total heat release of the standard combustible assembly are highly consistent with those of the single-seat sofa. The numerical model has been verified by experimental data. The dynamic characteristics of the heat release rate (HRR) curve are consistent with the temperature evolution process, confirming its reliability for the numerical model. The research on optimizing fire extinguishing parameters is carried out based on this numerical simulation. The results show that the response time of the horizontal sprinkler is 22 s shorter than that of the vertical sprinkler, and the fire extinguishing efficiency is improved. Reducing the sprinkler height to 3 m can accelerate activation and reduce CO2 release. A flow rate of 91.4 L/min can effectively control the fire, but when it exceeds 150 L/min, the fire extinguishing efficiency is significantly reduced. The low response time index sprinkler starts up 88 s faster than the standard type, significantly enhancing the initial fire suppression capability. This scheme provides a safe, economical, and repeatable standardized combustible assembly for fire training and offers theoretical support for the parameter design of intelligent fire extinguishing systems.