An Integrative Review of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS): Clinical Insights and Therapeutic Approaches in Unani and Modern Medicine

Excruciating fatigue that lasts for at least six months is a defining feature of the complicated illness known as chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). With a prevalence of 0.4% to 2.5% worldwide, CFS is becoming more common. CFS impacts more women than men. In wealthy nations, it is considered a common condition. Although CFS has no recognized cure, symptoms can be controlled and managed. Daily normal activities are significantly hampered by chronic fatigue. An imbalance of brain neurotransmitters, mitochondrial dysfunction, reduced oxidative phosphorylation, disruption of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, and decreased ATP synthesis are all essential components of the pathophysiology of CFS. The current study aims to identify the herbs used as medicine for chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and to examine the current treatment strategies for it. The phytochemicals found in the Unani medicinal plants discussed in this article make them highly effective in treating the symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome. The current treatment approach for chronic fatigue syndrome is also briefly covered in this review article. It includes cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), graded exercise therapy (GET), immunoglobulin use, psychodynamic counseling, and isometric exercises that are very helpful in reducing the symptoms of CFS. Conventional treatments for CFS include corticosteroids, immunomodulatory drugs, and antidepressants. Various Unani medicinal plants are examined in this article, along with their pharmacological characteristics, potential uses, and available therapies for mitigating the symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome. Keywords: chronic fatigue syndrome, brain neurotransmitters, mitochondrial dysfunction, reduced oxidative phosphorylation