Novel formulation of black garlic and sesame seeds (Sesamum indicum): evaluating antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic effects through in vitro and in vivo models

The imperative for innovative, natural therapeutic strategies to manage hyperlipidemia is underscored by the limitations of conventional treatments, which often precipitate adverse effects. This innovative study introduces a unique formulation that synergistically combines black garlic and sesame (Sesamum indicum), thoroughly assessed through an extensive array of in vitro and in vivo studies. Our research discovered an optimum formulation consisting of 75% black garlic and 25% sesame paste, which demonstrated enhanced bioactive component content and antioxidant activity. This formulation exhibited high concentrations of total polyphenols (1840 mg GAE/100g DM) and flavonoids (75 mg RE/100g DM), leading to its choice for in vivo study. A 28-day trial involving 25 male Wistar rats revealed the formulation's antihyperlipidemic potential, with significant decreases in total cholesterol (43.8%) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C (73.6%), accompanied by a 15.6% rise in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Furthermore, the formulation reduced oxidative stress, as indicated by diminished malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the heart (67.18%) and liver (87.23%), combined with increased glutathione levels in both organs. Our results unequivocally indicate that the formulation including 75% black garlic and 25% sesame displays significant antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant properties, especially at a dosage of 200 mg/kg, establishing it as a viable natural therapeutic option for hyperlipidemia therapy. The results of this study have substantial significance for the creation of innovative, natural treatments, highlighting the formulation's ability to tackle the intricacies of metabolic problems.