Polymorphisms of hemostasis and folate cycle genes as predictors of COVID-19 severity

Objective: to reveal the frequency of hemostasis and folate cycle gene polymorphisms in stable coronary heart disease (CHD) patients based on the severity of COVID-19 during the acute phase. Material and methods. During the study, 416 patients with stable CHD who had previously experienced COVID-19 with documented severity were examined for hemostasis and folate cycle gene polymorphisms. The severity of COVID-19 was used to categorize patients into two groups: the first group included patients with mild cases (n=203), while the second group comprised patients with moderate severity (n=213). The evaluation included the following genetic variants: 20210 G>A of the F2 gene, 1691 G>A of the F5 gene, 807 ОТ of the ITGA2 gene, 10976 G>A of the F7 gene, 1298 A>C of the MTHFR gene, 66 A>G of the MTRR gene, 2756 A>G of the MTR gene, 677 ОТ of the MTHFR gene, 455 G>Aof the FGB gene, 103 G>T of the F13A1 gene, 6755G>4G of the SERPINE1 (PAI-1) gene, and 1565 T>C of the ITGB3 gene. These polymorphisms likely contribute to a more severe course of COVID-19 in patients with CHD. Results. The presence of the heterozygous FGB: 455 G>A polymorphism and the ITGB3: 1565 T>C CC genotype may contribute to more severe COVID-19 progression in patients with CHD. Conversely, the CC genotype of the 807 ОТ polymorphism of the ITGA2 gene was associated with protection against more severe forms of the disease in the analyzed sample. Conclusion. Polymorphisms 455 G>Aof the FGB gene and 1565 T>C of the ITGB3 gene can be considered potential markers for detecting and predicting a more severe course of COVID-19 in patients with CHD.