ANALYSIS OF US AND NATO EFFORTS TO NEUTRALIZE RUSSIA’S «SHADOW FLEET»: APPROACHES AND TECHNOLOGIES

The study examines the activities of the United States and NATO in countering the Russian «shadow fleet» used to circumvent sanctions in strategically important maritime regions. The purpose of the work is to analyze modern approaches and technologies used to track ships and protect underwater infrastructure. The scientific significance is determined by the relevance of the topic in the context of geopolitical competition, and the practical significance is determined by the need to improve navigation safety measures in new geopolitical conditions. The methodology is based on a systematic analysis of technological solutions, including artificial intelligence methods, and their integration into NATO operations. The results show that the implementation of a monitoring system based on advanced algorithms makes it possible to effectively identify new threats and predict possible incidents. The work contributes to understanding the role of innovation in ensuring the safety of navigation by assessing the effectiveness and vulnerabilities of the monitoring system. The practical value lies in offering recommendations for the global application of such technologies in the fight against economic and infrastructural challenges